Résumé

Introduction: Disorders of financial behavior, including compulsive buying and pathological debt, can reveal underlying psychiatric or neurocognitive disorders. This work presents a complex clinical case illustrating these interactions. Clinical case: A complete clinical evaluation was performed, including a detailed medical history, a standardized psychiatric examination, a physical examination, and further investigations (brain CT scan, EEG, laboratory tests). Diagnostic hypotheses were formulated according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 5th edition (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). Mrs. Imam, 60 years old, hypertensive and diabetic, has exhibited repetitive debt patterns and a specific compulsion to buy kitchen utensils for the past ten years. Psychiatric examination reveals a schizoid personality, bradypsychia, distorted judgment, and a depressed mood. Discussion: Diagnostic hypotheses include oniomania, negative symptom schizophrenia, vascular dementia, and possible early-onset dementia. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to differential diagnosis and management. Conclusion: Early detection of anomalies in financial behavior should raise concerns about possible psychiatric or cognitive vulnerability, requiring a thorough and coordinated clinical evaluation.

Mot-clés :

Compulsive Buying, Pathological Debt; Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder, Gabon